Immunosuppressant Cyclic Peptides
7 compounds in this family, each with its recorded mechanism, routes of administration, safety notes and references to published literature.
- 9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A9-(N-methyl-L-isoleucine)-cyclosporin A, also called NIM811, is an investigational cyclic peptide derived from cyclosporin A. It is being studied as a selective inhibitor of mitochondrial cyclophilin D, aiming to prevent the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Pre‑clinical work has explored its use in organ transplantation, kidney stone formation, autoimmune neuroinflammation, and acute pancreatitis, where mitochondrial injury is a key driver of tissue damage.
- AlisporivirAlisporivir (Debio‑025) is an investigational oral cyclic peptide that inhibits the host protein cyclophilin A. It has been developed primarily as a host‑targeting antiviral for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with additional pre‑clinical studies suggesting activity against other viruses such as SARS‑CoV‑2.
- Oxeclosporin
- RencofilstatRencofilstat (CRV431) is an oral, investigational cyclophilin inhibitor being explored for liver diseases. It is a non‑immunosuppressive analogue of cyclosporine A and has been studied in patients with metabolic‑associated steatohepatitis (MASH/NASH) and in animal models of hepatitis C virus‑driven hepatocellular carcinoma. Early clinical trials suggest it may improve liver function, reduce fibrosis biomarkers, and limit tumour progression, while pre‑clinical work points to remodeling of the extracellular matrix in fibrotic liver tissue.
- Ruclosporin
- SCY-635SCY-635 is an investigational, orally active cyclophilin inhibitor derived from cyclosporine A but lacking immunosuppressive activity. It is being explored as a novel antiviral agent for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and potentially other liver diseases where cyclophilin A plays a pathogenic role.
- VoclosporinVoclosporin is an oral calcineurin‑inhibiting cyclic peptide approved for the treatment of adult lupus nephritis, a serious kidney manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. It is used in combination with mycophenolate mofetil and low‑dose glucocorticoids to improve renal outcomes and reduce disease activity.