Glypromate
Also known as: Gly-Pro-Glu, Glycine-Proline-Glutamate, Glycyl‑L‑prolyl‑L‑glutamic acid, Glypromate, GPE, NNZ-2214
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Summary
Glypromate (glycyl‑L‑prolyl‑L‑glutamate, GPE) is a short endogenous peptide studied for neuroprotective and cognitive‑enhancing effects in pre‑clinical models of Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury and aging.
Mechanism of Action
Metabolite of IGF‑1 that modulates glutamatergic signaling, acts as a partial NMDA‑receptor agonist, enhances acetylcholine release and promotes neurotrophic pathways (e.g., PI3K/Akt).
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Neuroprotection after hypoxic-ischemic brain injuryNeurologyModerate
- Stroke recovery and neuroprotectionNeurologyLow
- Alzheimer's disease therapyNeurologicalLow
- Neuroprotection after traumatic brain injuryNeurologicalModerate
- Traumatic brain injury treatmentNeurologyLow
- Cognitive enhancementNootropicModerate
- Reduction of neuroinflammationNeurologyLow
Contraindications
- PregnancyPopulationModeratePotential fetal risk or insufficient safety data
- Known hypersensitivity to GPE or its componentsAllergyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Injection site reactionsLocalUnknown
- HeadacheNeurologicUnknownPain in the head or upper neck
- HypotensionCardiovascularUnknownLow blood pressure
- NauseaGastrointestinalUnknownFeeling of sickness or urge to vomit
- Fever/pyrexiaSystemicUnknown
Drug Interactions
- NMDA‑modulating agentsModerate
- NMDA receptor antagonistsLow
Population Constraints
- Renal impairmentOrgan ImpairmentRelative
- Pregnant womenReproductiveRelative
- NeonatesPediatricRelative
- ChildrenPediatricRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionResearchUsed in clinical trials under EU Clinical Trial Regulation.
- United StatesInvestigationalInvestigational New Drug (IND) applications submitted; not FDA‑approved.
- United KingdomUnapprovedNo marketing authorization; available only via research protocols.
Not approved for any indication; used only in experimental and clinical‑trial settings.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Glypromate?
Glypromate (glycyl‑L‑prolyl‑L‑glutamate, GPE) is a short endogenous peptide studied for neuroprotective and cognitive‑enhancing effects in pre‑clinical models of Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury and aging.
What is Glypromate used for?
Glypromate is educationally associated with: Neuroprotection after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, Stroke recovery and neuroprotection, Alzheimer's disease therapy, Neuroprotection after traumatic brain injury, Traumatic brain injury treatment, Cognitive enhancement, Reduction of neuroinflammation. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Glypromate administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intranasal, Intravenous, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Glypromate?
Reported adverse effects include: Injection site reactions, Headache, Hypotension, Nausea, Fever/pyrexia. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Glypromate?
Recorded contraindications: Pregnancy, Known hypersensitivity to GPE or its components. Consult a qualified clinician before use.