Interferon beta-1b
Also known as: Betaferon, Betaseron, Extavia, IFN-β1b, IFN‑β1b, Interferon beta 1b
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Summary
Recombinant human interferon beta‑1b used as a disease‑modifying therapy for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.
Mechanism of Action
Binds IFNAR1/IFNAR2 receptor complex, activates JAK‑STAT signaling leading to expression of antiviral and immunomodulatory genes.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) — delay to definite MSNeurological / PreventiveHigh
- Reduction of MRI lesion burden in MSNeurological / Imaging BiomarkerHigh
- Delay of disability progression in MSNeurological / AutoimmuneHigh
- Treatment of secondary progressive MSNeurological / Disease ModificationModerate
- Relapsing‑Remitting MSDisease ModifyingHigh
- Multiple SclerosisAutoimmune DiseaseHigh
- Reduction of relapse rate in relapsing-remitting MSNeurological / ImmunomodulationHigh
Contraindications
- Current severe depression or suicidal ideationPsychiatricHigh
- Hypersensitivity to interferon beta‑1b or excipientsAllergyHigh
- Severe depression or psychiatric diseasePsychiatricModerate
- PregnancyPopulationHighPotential fetal risk or insufficient safety data
- Severe hepatic impairment or decompensated liver diseaseHepaticHigh
- Hypersensitivity to natural or recombinant interferon-β or human albuminAllergy / ImmunologicHigh
Adverse Effects
- Hepatotoxicity / elevated liver enzymesHepaticCommon
- Injection site reactions (pain, erythema, necrosis)Local / DermatologicCommon
- Flu-like symptoms (fever, chills, myalgia, malaise)Systemic / ImmunologicCommon
- LeukopeniaHematologicRareLow white blood cell count
- Injection site reactionsLocalCommon
- LymphopeniaHematologicCommon
- Flu‑like syndromeSystemicCommon
- Depression and suicidal ideationPsychiatricUncommon
- DepressionPsychiatricUncommon
- Elevated liver enzymesHepaticUncommonIncrease in AST/ALT or other hepatic markers
- Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs)ImmunologicalCommon
Drug Interactions
- Immunosuppressants (e.g., azathioprine)Moderate
- Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs)Low
- Live vaccinesHigh
- CYP450 substrates (e.g., warfarin, phenytoin)Moderate
- Hepatotoxic drugs (e.g., isoniazid, valproate, statins)Moderate
- Myelosuppressive agents (e.g., azathioprine, methotrexate)Moderate
Population Constraints
- PregnancyReproductive SafetyRelative
- Pediatric patients (<18 years)AgeRelative
- Patients with epilepsyNeurologicalRelative
- Pediatric (≥3 years)AgeRelative
- Patients with thyroid disordersEndocrineRelative
- Patients with pre-existing depression or psychiatric disordersPsychiatricRelative
- Pregnant womenReproductiveRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionApprovedApproved: relapsing‑remitting multiple sclerosisMarketed as Extavia.
- United StatesApprovedApproved: relapsing forms of multiple sclerosisMarketed as Betaseron.
- United KingdomApprovedApproved: relapsing forms of multiple sclerosisSame as EU.
Administered by subcutaneous injection; biosimilar versions under investigation.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Interferon beta-1b?
Recombinant human interferon beta‑1b used as a disease‑modifying therapy for relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.
What is Interferon beta-1b used for?
Interferon beta-1b is educationally associated with: Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) — delay to definite MS, Reduction of MRI lesion burden in MS, Delay of disability progression in MS, Treatment of secondary progressive MS, Relapsing‑Remitting MS, Multiple Sclerosis, Reduction of relapse rate in relapsing-remitting MS. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Interferon beta-1b administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intramuscular, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Interferon beta-1b?
Reported adverse effects include: Hepatotoxicity / elevated liver enzymes, Injection site reactions (pain, erythema, necrosis), Flu-like symptoms (fever, chills, myalgia, malaise), Leukopenia, Injection site reactions, Lymphopenia, Flu‑like syndrome, Depression and suicidal ideation, Depression, Elevated liver enzymes, Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs). This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Interferon beta-1b?
Recorded contraindications: Current severe depression or suicidal ideation, Hypersensitivity to interferon beta‑1b or excipients, Severe depression or psychiatric disease, Pregnancy, Severe hepatic impairment or decompensated liver disease, Hypersensitivity to natural or recombinant interferon-β or human albumin. Consult a qualified clinician before use.