Menotropins
Also known as: hMG, Human Menopausal Gonadotropin, Humegon, Menopur, Menotropin, Pergonal, Repronex
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Summary
Menotropins (human menopausal gonadotropin, hMG) is a purified urinary preparation containing both FSH and LH activity, used to induce ovulation in women undergoing assisted reproduction and to stimulate spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
Mechanism of Action
Binds to FSH and LH receptors on ovarian follicles and Leydig cells, stimulating follicular development, ovulation, and testosterone production.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Controlled ovarian hyperstimulationReproductive EndocrinologyHigh
- Ovarian stimulation for ART/IVFReproductive EndocrinologyHigh
- Spermatogenesis induction in hypogonadotropic hypogonadismMale FertilityModerate
- Male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism treatmentEndocrineModerate
- Induction of ovulation in anovulatory womenReproductive EndocrinologyHigh
- Ovulation inductionReproductive EndocrinologyHigh
- Assisted reproductive technology (ART) supportFertilityHigh
Contraindications
- Sex hormone-dependent tumorsOncologyHigh
- PregnancyPopulationHighPotential fetal risk or insufficient safety data
- Primary ovarian failure / hypergonadotropic hypogonadismEndocrineHigh
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) riskReproductive MedicineHigh
- Ovarian cysts or enlargement not due to PCOSGynecologyModerate
- Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunctionEndocrinologyHigh
- Abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined causeGynecologyHigh
- Estrogen‑dependent neoplasmsOncologyModerate
Adverse Effects
- Abdominal discomfortGastrointestinalCommon
- Injection site reactionsLocalCommon
- Multiple gestationReproductiveCommon
- HeadacheNeurologicCommonPain in the head or upper neck
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndromeReproductive / EndocrineCommon
- Thromboembolic eventsCardiovascularRare
- Abdominal pain and bloatingGastrointestinalCommon
- Multiple pregnancyReproductiveUncommon
- Injection site reactionLocalCommonRedness, swelling, itching, bruising, or pain at the injection site
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)ReproductiveUncommon
Drug Interactions
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin)Low
- Oral contraceptivesModerateDelayed gastric emptying may affect absorption timing
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)Low
- GnRH antagonists (e.g., cetrorelix, ganirelix)Low
- GnRH agonists/antagonistsLow
- Clomiphene citrateLow
- GnRH agonists (e.g., leuprolide)Low
Population Constraints
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)EndocrineRelative
- Lactating womenReproductiveRelative
- Elderly women (>45 y)AgeRelative
- Renal or hepatic impairmentOrgan DysfunctionRelative
- Women over 40 yearsAgeRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionApprovedApproved: female infertility, male infertilityEMA approval; marketed under multiple brand names.
- United StatesApprovedApproved: female infertility – ovulation induction, male hypogonadotropic hypogonadismApproved by FDA; prescription only.
- United KingdomApprovedApproved: female infertility, male infertilityMHRA approved; prescription required.
Derived from pooled human urine; marketed under several brand names (e.g., Menopur, Repronex). Approved for infertility treatment in many jurisdictions.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Menotropins?
Menotropins (human menopausal gonadotropin, hMG) is a purified urinary preparation containing both FSH and LH activity, used to induce ovulation in women undergoing assisted reproduction and to stimulate spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
What is Menotropins used for?
Menotropins is educationally associated with: Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, Ovarian stimulation for ART/IVF, Spermatogenesis induction in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism treatment, Induction of ovulation in anovulatory women, Ovulation induction, Assisted reproductive technology (ART) support. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Menotropins administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intramuscular, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Menotropins?
Reported adverse effects include: Abdominal discomfort, Injection site reactions, Multiple gestation, Headache, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, Thromboembolic events, Abdominal pain and bloating, Multiple pregnancy, Injection site reaction, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Menotropins?
Recorded contraindications: Sex hormone-dependent tumors, Pregnancy, Primary ovarian failure / hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) risk, Ovarian cysts or enlargement not due to PCOS, Uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction, Abnormal uterine bleeding of undetermined cause, Estrogen‑dependent neoplasms. Consult a qualified clinician before use.