Oprelvekin
Also known as: IL-11, Neumega, recombinant human IL-11, recombinant human interleukin‑11, rhIL-11, rHuIL‑11
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Summary
Oprelvekin (recombinant human IL‑11, brand Neumega) is a subcutaneously administered peptide approved for prevention and treatment of chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopenia.
Mechanism of Action
Binds IL‑11 receptor → activates JAK/STAT signaling → promotes megakaryocyte maturation and platelet production; also exerts anti‑inflammatory effects
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Reduction of platelet transfusion needTransfusion MedicineHigh
- Platelet count recoveryHematologyHigh
- Chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopeniaHematologyHigh
- Prevention of severe thrombocytopenia after chemotherapyHematology / Oncology Supportive CareHigh
Contraindications
- Congestive heart failureCardiovascularHigh
- Hypersensitivity to oprelvekin or any componentAllergy / ImmunologyHigh
- Myeloid malignanciesOncologyHigh
- Severe fluid overload or uncontrolled cardiac diseaseCardiovascularModerate
- History of atrial arrhythmiasCardiovascularModerate
- Hypersensitivity to oprelvekin or any excipientAllergyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Fluid retention/edemaCardiovascularCommon
- AnaphylaxisImmunologicRareSevere life-threatening allergic reaction
- Injection site reactionsLocalCommon
- HeadacheNeurologicCommonPain in the head or upper neck
- Conjunctival injection / papilledemaOphthalmologicUncommon
- Fluid retention / edemaFluid / ElectrolyteCommon
- NauseaGastrointestinalCommonFeeling of sickness or urge to vomit
- FeverSystemicCommonElevated body temperature
- Atrial arrhythmias (flutter/fibrillation)CardiovascularUncommon
- ThrombosisHematologicRareFormation of a blood clot
Drug Interactions
- Antiarrhythmic agentsModerate
- other cytokine therapiesLow
- DiureticsModerateMay worsen dehydration or electrolyte imbalance
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, heparin)Moderate
Population Constraints
- PregnancyReproductive SafetyRelative
- Renal impairmentOrgan ImpairmentRelative
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Pediatric patients (<12 y)AgeRelative
- Elderly patients with congestive heart failureCardiovascularRelative
- Elderly patientsAgeRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedNot authorized in the European Union.
- United StatesApprovedApproved: Chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopeniaFDA‑approved; marketed as Neumega.
- United KingdomUnapprovedNot approved by MHRA; not commercially available in the UK.
Approved by FDA (2001) for thrombocytopenia; not approved in the EU; withdrawn in some markets due to safety concerns (fluid retention).
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Oprelvekin?
Oprelvekin (recombinant human IL‑11, brand Neumega) is a subcutaneously administered peptide approved for prevention and treatment of chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopenia.
What is Oprelvekin used for?
Oprelvekin is educationally associated with: Reduction of platelet transfusion need, Platelet count recovery, Chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopenia, Prevention of severe thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Oprelvekin administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Oprelvekin?
Reported adverse effects include: Fluid retention/edema, Anaphylaxis, Injection site reactions, Headache, Conjunctival injection / papilledema, Fluid retention / edema, Nausea, Fever, Atrial arrhythmias (flutter/fibrillation), Thrombosis. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Oprelvekin?
Recorded contraindications: Congestive heart failure, Hypersensitivity to oprelvekin or any component, Myeloid malignancies, Severe fluid overload or uncontrolled cardiac disease, History of atrial arrhythmias, Hypersensitivity to oprelvekin or any excipient. Consult a qualified clinician before use.