Dynorphin
Also known as: Big Dynorphin, Dynorphin (1‑13), Dynorphin A, Dynorphin B, Dynorphin‑1, Dynorphin‑2, Leu-enkephalin-Arg, PDYN-derived peptide
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Summary
Dynorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide that modulates pain, stress, mood, and neuroendocrine function. It is widely used as a research tool to study KOR signaling and opioid physiology.
Mechanism of Action
high‑affinity agonist at kappa‑opioid receptors (KOR); also modest activity at mu‑ and delta‑opioid receptors
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Stress and mood researchPsychiatry / NeuroscienceHigh
- Pain modulation researchResearchHigh
- Addiction and reward pathway researchAddiction / NeuroscienceModerate
- stress resiliencePsychiatricLow
- Spinal cord injury / neuroprotection researchNeuropathologyLow
- Neuroendocrine regulation researchEndocrinology / NeuroscienceModerate
- AnalgesiaPain ManagementModerate
- anti‑addictionSubstance Use DisorderLow
Contraindications
- Systemic administration in humans (therapeutic use)Clinical SafetyHigh
- Known hypersensitivity to dynorphin peptidesAllergy / ImmunologyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Cardiovascular depressionCardiovascularUncommon
- DysphoriaPsychiatricCommon
- HypotensionCardiovascularUncommonLow blood pressure
- DiuresisRenalCommon
- Neurotoxicity (high doses, spinal)NeurologicalRare
- SedationCNSCommon
Drug Interactions
- KOR antagonists (e.g., nor-BNI, JDTic)Low
- mu‑opioid agonists (e.g., morphine)Moderate
- KOR antagonists (e.g., naloxone, nor‑BNI)High
- Naloxone / NaltrexoneModerate
- Mu-opioid agonists (e.g., morphine, fentanyl)Moderate
Population Constraints
- Pregnant or lactating individualsReproductiveAbsolute
- Individuals with psychiatric disordersPsychiatricRelative
- Human subjects (general)Clinical PopulationAbsolute
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedResearch‑grade material.
- United StatesUnapprovedAvailable only for research use.
- United KingdomUnapprovedResearch use only.
Not approved as a therapeutic agent in any jurisdiction; supplied for laboratory research only.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Dynorphin?
Dynorphin is an endogenous opioid peptide that modulates pain, stress, mood, and neuroendocrine function. It is widely used as a research tool to study KOR signaling and opioid physiology.
What is Dynorphin used for?
Dynorphin is educationally associated with: Stress and mood research, Pain modulation research, Addiction and reward pathway research, stress resilience, Spinal cord injury / neuroprotection research, Neuroendocrine regulation research, Analgesia, anti‑addiction. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Dynorphin administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intracerebroventricular, Intrathecal, Intravenous, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Dynorphin?
Reported adverse effects include: Cardiovascular depression, Dysphoria, Hypotension, Diuresis, Neurotoxicity (high doses, spinal), Sedation. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Dynorphin?
Recorded contraindications: Systemic administration in humans (therapeutic use), Known hypersensitivity to dynorphin peptides. Consult a qualified clinician before use.