Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant
Also known as: Hematopoietin-1 (partial), hrIL-1α, IL-1 alpha, IL-1α, IL‑1α, Interleukin-1 alpha, recombinant human interleukin‑1 alpha, rIL‑1α
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Summary
Recombinant human IL‑1α is a biologically active cytokine used experimentally to study inflammation, immune activation, and as an adjuvant in cancer immunotherapy trials.
Mechanism of Action
Binds IL-1 receptor type I (IL-1R1) activating NF-κB and MAPK pathways, inducing pro‑inflammatory gene expression.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Induce acute inflammation for researchExperimentalHigh
- Cancer immunotherapy adjuvantOncology / ImmunologyModerate
- Hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapyOncology / HematologyModerate
- Wound healing / tissue repair (research)Regenerative Medicine / ResearchLow
- Research: inflammatory pathway modelingBasic Science / ResearchHigh
Contraindications
- Severe systemic inflammationClinical ConditionHigh
- Cardiovascular instability / hypotensionCardiovascularHigh
- Active serious infection or sepsisInfectious DiseaseHigh
- Autoimmune or inflammatory disease (active flare)ImmunologyHigh
- Hypersensitivity to IL-1α or E. coli-derived proteinsAllergy / ImmunologyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Cytokine release syndromeImmunologicUncommonSystemic inflammatory response from immune activation
- Injection site reactionsLocalCommon
- Local injection site reactionLocalCommon
- HypotensionCardiovascularUncommonLow blood pressure
- Fever and chillsConstitutionalCommon
- Nausea and vomitingGastrointestinalCommon
- FeverSystemicCommonElevated body temperature
- Bone pain / arthralgiaMusculoskeletalUncommon
Drug Interactions
- Anakinra (IL-1Ra)High
- Non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)Low
- Canakinumab / Rilonacept (anti-IL-1 biologics)Moderate
- NSAIDsLowMay increase renal risk in susceptible patients
- CorticosteroidsModerate
Population Constraints
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- pediatric subjectsAgeRelative
- Pregnant or breastfeeding womenReproductiveRelative
- Immunocompromised patientsImmunologicRelative
- Pregnant womenReproductiveRelative
- Patients with renal or hepatic impairmentOrgan FunctionRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionInvestigationalSupplied for research under clinical trial authorization.
- United StatesInvestigationalAvailable only for IND‑approved clinical studies.
- United KingdomUnapprovedNo MHRA approval. Available commercially as a research-grade recombinant protein.
No currently approved therapeutic indication in the US, EU, or UK. Clinical trials were conducted in the 1990s–2000s for hematopoietic stimulation and cancer adjuvant therapy but development was largely discontinued due to toxicity. Used widely as a laboratory/research reagent. Not to be confused with Anakinra (IL-1Ra antagonist) or Canakinumab (anti-IL-1β antibody).
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant?
Recombinant human IL‑1α is a biologically active cytokine used experimentally to study inflammation, immune activation, and as an adjuvant in cancer immunotherapy trials.
What is Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant used for?
Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant is educationally associated with: Induce acute inflammation for research, Cancer immunotherapy adjuvant, Hematopoietic recovery after chemotherapy, Wound healing / tissue repair (research), Research: inflammatory pathway modeling. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intratumoral, Intravenous, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant?
Reported adverse effects include: Cytokine release syndrome, Injection site reactions, Local injection site reaction, Hypotension, Fever and chills, Nausea and vomiting, Fever, Bone pain / arthralgia. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Interleukin-1 alpha, human recombinant?
Recorded contraindications: Severe systemic inflammation, Cardiovascular instability / hypotension, Active serious infection or sepsis, Autoimmune or inflammatory disease (active flare), Hypersensitivity to IL-1α or E. coli-derived proteins. Consult a qualified clinician before use.