Proinsulin human
Also known as: Biosynthetic human proinsulin, Human proinsulin, INS propeptide, INS-1, PI, Proinsulin
Source Proinsulin human at Peptiology
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Summary
Human proinsulin is the single‑chain 86‑amino‑acid precursor of insulin, synthesized in pancreatic β‑cells and proteolytically processed to active insulin and C‑peptide. It is used primarily as a research reagent to study insulin biosynthesis and β‑cell function.
Mechanism of Action
low‑affinity agonist of the insulin receptor; cleaved intracellularly to insulin and C‑peptide which mediate glucose uptake
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Study insulin biosynthesisResearchHigh
- Investigational hypoglycemic agentTherapeutics / MetabolicLow
- Research tool for insulin biosynthesisBasic ResearchHigh
- Insulinoma diagnosisDiagnostics / OncologyHigh
- Develop insulin analoguesDrug DevelopmentModerate
- Biomarker of beta-cell functionDiagnostics / EndocrinologyHigh
Contraindications
- Insulin hypersensitivityImmunologicHigh
- HypoglycemiaMetabolicHigh
Adverse Effects
- HypoglycemiaMetabolicUncommonAbnormally low blood glucose
- Injection site reactionsLocalUncommon
- Immunogenicity / antibody formationImmunologicUnknown
Drug Interactions
- SulfonylureasModerateMay increase risk of low blood sugar
- Insulin and insulin analoguesModerate
Population Constraints
- PregnancyReproductive SafetyRelative
- Renal impairmentOrgan ImpairmentRelative
- Pediatric populationsAgeRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedNot approved by EMA. Used as a laboratory diagnostic marker and research tool only.
- United StatesUnapprovedAvailable only as a research chemical.
- United KingdomUnapprovedNot approved by MHRA for therapeutic use. Diagnostic assays for serum proinsulin are available through NHS laboratories.
Not approved for therapeutic use; available as a research grade peptide.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Proinsulin human?
Human proinsulin is the single‑chain 86‑amino‑acid precursor of insulin, synthesized in pancreatic β‑cells and proteolytically processed to active insulin and C‑peptide. It is used primarily as a research reagent to study insulin biosynthesis and β‑cell function.
What is Proinsulin human used for?
Proinsulin human is educationally associated with: Study insulin biosynthesis, Investigational hypoglycemic agent, Research tool for insulin biosynthesis, Insulinoma diagnosis, Develop insulin analogues, Biomarker of beta-cell function. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Proinsulin human administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intravenous, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Proinsulin human?
Reported adverse effects include: Hypoglycemia, Injection site reactions, Immunogenicity / antibody formation. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Proinsulin human?
Recorded contraindications: Insulin hypersensitivity, Hypoglycemia. Consult a qualified clinician before use.