S-Nitrosoglutathione
Also known as: GSNO, N-Nitroso glutathione, Nitrosoglutathione, S-Nitroso-L-glutathione, S‑Nitroso‑L‑glutathione, S‑Nitrosoglutathione
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Summary
S‑Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is the S‑nitrosated form of the tripeptide glutathione, acting as an endogenous nitric oxide carrier and donor used primarily in experimental studies.
Mechanism of Action
donates nitric oxide via S‑nitrosothiol cleavage, leading to vasodilation, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and modulation of cellular signaling pathways
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Pulmonary vasodilation in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)Cardiovascular / PulmonaryModerate
- Systemic vasodilation in hypertensive crisisCardiovascularLow
- anti‑inflammatoryTherapeuticModerate
- NO donationVascularHigh
- NeuroprotectionNeurologyModerate
- Wound healingDermatologicLowTissue repair and wound healing
- Bronchodilation / airway relaxationPulmonaryModerate
- Platelet inhibition / antithrombotic effectHematologyModerate
Contraindications
- PregnancyPopulationModeratePotential fetal risk or insufficient safety data
- Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor use (e.g., sildenafil)Drug InteractionHigh
- Methemoglobinemia or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencyHematologicModerate
- Severe hypotensionCardiovascularHigh
Adverse Effects
- Tachycardia (reflex)CardiovascularUncommon
- MethemoglobinemiaHematologicUncommon
- HeadacheNeurologicCommonPain in the head or upper neck
- HypotensionCardiovascularCommonLow blood pressure
- FlushingVascularCommonWarmth and redness of the skin
Drug Interactions
- Sildenafil / PDE5 inhibitorsHigh
- GSNO reductase (GSNOR) inhibitorsModerate
- Antihypertensive agentsModerate
- Other NO donors (e.g., nitroglycerin)High
- Phosphodiesterase‑5 inhibitorsModerate
- Antiplatelet agents / anticoagulantsModerate
Population Constraints
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Premature neonatesPediatricRelative
- Pregnant womenReproductiveRelative
- Elderly with cardiovascular diseaseComorbidityRelative
- Patients with renal or hepatic impairmentOrgan FunctionRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedNot authorized for medicinal use
- United StatesUnapprovedConsidered a research chemical
- United KingdomUnapprovedNo clinical approval
Not approved for therapeutic use; classified as a research chemical in most jurisdictions.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is S-Nitrosoglutathione?
S‑Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is the S‑nitrosated form of the tripeptide glutathione, acting as an endogenous nitric oxide carrier and donor used primarily in experimental studies.
What is S-Nitrosoglutathione used for?
S-Nitrosoglutathione is educationally associated with: Pulmonary vasodilation in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), Systemic vasodilation in hypertensive crisis, anti‑inflammatory, NO donation, Neuroprotection, Wound healing, Bronchodilation / airway relaxation, Platelet inhibition / antithrombotic effect. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is S-Nitrosoglutathione administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Inhalation, Inhaled, Intranasal, Intraperitoneal, Intravenous, Topical.
What are the potential side effects of S-Nitrosoglutathione?
Reported adverse effects include: Tachycardia (reflex), Methemoglobinemia, Headache, Hypotension, Flushing. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid S-Nitrosoglutathione?
Recorded contraindications: Pregnancy, Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor use (e.g., sildenafil), Methemoglobinemia or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, Severe hypotension. Consult a qualified clinician before use.