Alanyl glutamine
Also known as: AGln, Ala-Gln, Ala‑Gln, Alanyl‑Glutamine, Alanylglutamine, Dipeptiven, L-alanyl-L-glutamine, L‑alanyl‑L‑glutamine, Sustamine
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Summary
Alanyl‑glutamine (L‑Ala‑L‑Gln) is a stable dipeptide used as a nutritional supplement, particularly in parenteral nutrition, to supply glutamine and support gut and immune health.
Mechanism of Action
Provides glutamine precursor; supports intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and immune cell function, reducing catabolism during stress.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Intestinal mucosal protectionGut HealthModerate
- Gut mucosal integrity preservationGastrointestinal HealthModerate
- Immune functionImmunologyModerate
- Post-surgical recoveryPerioperative CareModerate
- Nutritional supportNutritionModerate
- Gut mucosal integrityGastrointestinalModerate
- Oral rehydration and exercise recoverySports Nutrition / HydrationLow
- Immune function supportImmunologyModerate
- Parenteral nutrition support in critically ill patientsClinical NutritionHigh
- Immune modulationImmunologyModerate
Contraindications
- Severe hepatic impairmentOrganModerateLiver function concerns
- Severe renal failureRenal ImpairmentHigh
- Hypersensitivity to alanine or glutamineAllergyHigh
- Known hypersensitivity to alanyl‑glutamineAllergyHigh
- HyperammonemiaMetabolic DisorderHigh
- Severe hepatic failureHepatic ImpairmentHigh
- Hypersensitivity to alanyl‑glutamine or excipientsAllergyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Electrolyte imbalancesMetabolicUncommon
- Hyperammonemia (rare)MetabolicRare
- Mild gastrointestinal upsetGastrointestinalCommon
- HyperglycemiaMetabolicUncommonAbnormally high blood glucose
- Injection site reactionsLocalCommon
- Nausea and gastrointestinal discomfortGastrointestinalCommon
- NauseaGastrointestinalCommonFeeling of sickness or urge to vomit
- Phlebitis at infusion siteLocal/vascularUncommon
- HyperammonemiaMetabolicUncommon
- Elevated liver enzymesHepaticUncommonIncrease in AST/ALT or other hepatic markers
Drug Interactions
- Lactulose / ammonia-lowering agentsLow
- Valproic acidModerate
- Renal‑clearing drugs (e.g., aminoglycosides)Moderate
- High protein nutrition formulasLow
Population Constraints
- Patients with epilepsy or CNS disordersNeurologicalRelative
- Severe renal impairmentOrgan ImpairmentRelative
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Pregnant or lactating womenReproductiveRelative
- NeonatesPediatricRelative
- Neonates and preterm infantsPediatricRelative
- Patients with short bowel syndrome or malabsorptionGastrointestinalRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedUsed in medical nutrition products under EU food supplement regulations.
- United StatesUnapprovedConsidered a dietary supplement; not FDA‑approved as a drug.
- United KingdomApprovedApproved: parenteral nutrition
Approved in the US as Dipeptiven for parenteral nutrition; also approved in EU and UK for similar indications.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Alanyl glutamine?
Alanyl‑glutamine (L‑Ala‑L‑Gln) is a stable dipeptide used as a nutritional supplement, particularly in parenteral nutrition, to supply glutamine and support gut and immune health.
What is Alanyl glutamine used for?
Alanyl glutamine is educationally associated with: Intestinal mucosal protection, Gut mucosal integrity preservation, Immune function, Post-surgical recovery, Nutritional support, Gut mucosal integrity, Oral rehydration and exercise recovery, Immune function support, Parenteral nutrition support in critically ill patients, Immune modulation. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Alanyl glutamine administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intravenous, Oral.
What are the potential side effects of Alanyl glutamine?
Reported adverse effects include: Electrolyte imbalances, Hyperammonemia (rare), Mild gastrointestinal upset, Hyperglycemia, Injection site reactions, Nausea and gastrointestinal discomfort, Nausea, Phlebitis at infusion site, Hyperammonemia, Elevated liver enzymes. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Alanyl glutamine?
Recorded contraindications: Severe hepatic impairment, Severe renal failure, Hypersensitivity to alanine or glutamine, Known hypersensitivity to alanyl‑glutamine, Hyperammonemia, Severe hepatic failure, Hypersensitivity to alanyl‑glutamine or excipients. Consult a qualified clinician before use.