Cholecystokinin
Also known as: CCK, CCK-33, CCK-8, CCK‑33, CCK‑4, Kinevac, Pancreozymin, Sincalide, sulfated CCK‑8
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Summary
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone secreted by I‑cells of the duodenum and by neurons in the brain. It regulates digestion, gallbladder contraction, pancreatic secretion, and appetite control.
Mechanism of Action
Activates CCK1 (CCK-A) and CCK2 (CCK-B) G‑protein coupled receptors, stimulating gallbladder contraction, pancreatic enzyme secretion, slowing gastric emptying and promoting satiety.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- induce gallbladder contractionDiagnosticHigh
- Pancreatic function testingDiagnosticHigh
- promote satietyMetabolicModerate
- Anxiety and panic disorder modulationNeuropsychiatricLow
- Gallbladder visualization (cholecystography)DiagnosticHigh
- stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretionPhysiologicalHigh
- Gastroparesis / GI motilityGastrointestinalLow
- Appetite suppression / satietyMetabolicModerate
Contraindications
- PregnancyPopulationModeratePotential fetal risk or insufficient safety data
- Biliary obstructionBiliaryHigh
- Acute pancreatitisGastrointestinalHigh
- severe gastrointestinal obstructionGastrointestinalHigh
- Hypersensitivity to CCK or sincalideAllergyHigh
Adverse Effects
- AnaphylaxisImmunologicRareSevere life-threatening allergic reaction
- HypotensionCardiovascularUncommonLow blood pressure
- NauseaGastrointestinalCommonFeeling of sickness or urge to vomit
- Panic attacks (CCK-4 fragment)NeuropsychiatricCommon
- Abdominal cramping / painGastrointestinalCommon
- DiarrheaGastrointestinalUncommonLoose or frequent stools
- Abdominal painGastrointestinalCommonPain or discomfort in the abdomen
Drug Interactions
- Calcium channel blockersLow
- Anticholinergic agentsModerate
- Opioid analgesicsModerate
- somatostatin analogsModerate
Population Constraints
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Pregnant womenReproductiveRelative
- Patients with anxiety disordersPsychiatricRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedNo marketing authorization; used in research.
- United StatesUnapprovedInvestigational peptide, not FDA‑approved for therapeutic use.
- United KingdomUnknownNo current MHRA-approved CCK therapeutic product identified; used mainly in research and diagnostics.
Not approved as a therapeutic agent; primarily used in pre‑clinical and clinical research settings.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Cholecystokinin?
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone secreted by I‑cells of the duodenum and by neurons in the brain. It regulates digestion, gallbladder contraction, pancreatic secretion, and appetite control.
What is Cholecystokinin used for?
Cholecystokinin is educationally associated with: induce gallbladder contraction, Pancreatic function testing, promote satiety, Anxiety and panic disorder modulation, Gallbladder visualization (cholecystography), stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion, Gastroparesis / GI motility, Appetite suppression / satiety. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Cholecystokinin administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intraperitoneal, Intravenous, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Cholecystokinin?
Reported adverse effects include: Anaphylaxis, Hypotension, Nausea, Panic attacks (CCK-4 fragment), Abdominal cramping / pain, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Cholecystokinin?
Recorded contraindications: Pregnancy, Biliary obstruction, Acute pancreatitis, severe gastrointestinal obstruction, Hypersensitivity to CCK or sincalide. Consult a qualified clinician before use.