Glycylglutamine
Also known as: Gly-Gln, Glycyl-L-glutamine, Glycylglutamine dipeptide, H-Gly-Gln-OH
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Summary
Glycylglutamine is a simple dipeptide composed of glycine linked to glutamine; it occurs naturally as a metabolic intermediate but has no established therapeutic use.
Mechanism of Action
Glycylglutamine is a stable dipeptide form of glutamine that serves as a glutamine precursor. Upon hydrolysis by peptidases, it releases glutamine and glycine, providing glutamine to tissues for protein synthesis, nitrogen transport, gluconeogenesis, antioxidant production (via glutathione), and intestinal mucosal maintenance.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Antioxidant support (glutathione precursor)Oxidative StressLow
- Intestinal mucosal integrityGastrointestinal HealthModerate
- Glutamine supplementation in critical illnessClinical Nutrition / ICU SupportModerate
- Parenteral nutrition glutamine sourceClinical NutritionModerate
- Immune function supportImmunologyLow
Contraindications
- Severe renal failureRenal ImpairmentHigh
- Severe hepatic failureHepatic ImpairmentHigh
- Hypersensitivity to glutamine or glycineAllergyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Elevated blood urea nitrogenMetabolicUncommon
- NauseaGastrointestinalUncommonFeeling of sickness or urge to vomit
- HyperammonemiaMetabolicRare
Drug Interactions
- Lactulose / ammonia-lowering agentsModerate
Population Constraints
- Patients with inborn errors of amino acid metabolismGenetic/metabolicAbsolute
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Pregnant or lactating womenReproductiveRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedNot EMA-approved. Used in research contexts.
- United StatesUnapprovedNot FDA-approved as a drug. May be used as a research compound or dietary supplement ingredient.
- United KingdomUnapprovedNot MHRA-approved as a medicinal product.
Not independently approved by FDA, EMA, or other major regulatory agencies as a drug. Used primarily in research settings. Related glutamine dipeptides (e.g., alanyl-glutamine) have broader clinical use. Glycylglutamine may be available as a research chemical or nutritional supplement ingredient.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Glycylglutamine?
Glycylglutamine is a simple dipeptide composed of glycine linked to glutamine; it occurs naturally as a metabolic intermediate but has no established therapeutic use.
What is Glycylglutamine used for?
Glycylglutamine is educationally associated with: Antioxidant support (glutathione precursor), Intestinal mucosal integrity, Glutamine supplementation in critical illness, Parenteral nutrition glutamine source, Immune function support. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Glycylglutamine administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intravenous, Oral.
What are the potential side effects of Glycylglutamine?
Reported adverse effects include: Elevated blood urea nitrogen, Nausea, Hyperammonemia. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Glycylglutamine?
Recorded contraindications: Severe renal failure, Severe hepatic failure, Hypersensitivity to glutamine or glycine. Consult a qualified clinician before use.