Nona-arginine
Also known as: 9R, Arg9, Nona‑arginine, nonaarginine, Poly‑arginine‑9, Polyarginine-9, R9
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Summary
Nona-arginine (R9) is a synthetic poly‑arginine peptide consisting of nine arginine residues, widely used as a delivery vector to enhance intracellular transport of cargos in experimental settings.
Mechanism of Action
Facilitates cellular uptake by interacting with negatively charged membrane components, promoting endocytosis and direct translocation.
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- enhance intracellular deliveryDeliveryModerate
- Transdermal delivery enhancementDrug DeliveryLow
- Intracellular drug deliveryDrug DeliveryHigh
- Vaccine adjuvant / antigen deliveryImmunologyLow
- Imaging agent deliveryDiagnosticsModerate
- Gene therapy vector enhancementGene TherapyModerate
Contraindications
- In vivo systemic use without validated formulationSafetyHigh
- Known hypersensitivity to polyarginine peptidesAllergy/ImmunologyHigh
Adverse Effects
- Cytotoxicity at high concentrationsIn Vitro ToxicityCommon
- Endosomal entrapment / inefficient endosomal escapePharmacokinetic LimitationCommon
- Membrane disruptionCellular ToxicityUnknown
- Complement activation / immunogenicityImmunologicalUnknown
Drug Interactions
- Anionic polymers (e.g., polyglutamic acid, DNA)Moderate
- Heparin / heparan sulfate-based compoundsHigh
Population Constraints
- Pregnant or lactating individualsReproductiveRelative
- Pediatric populationsAgeRelative
- Immunocompromised individualsImmunologicalRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedResearch use only.
- United StatesUnapprovedInvestigational reagent only.
- United KingdomUnapprovedNot approved by MHRA; research use only.
Not approved for therapeutic use; employed solely as a research reagent.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Nona-arginine?
Nona-arginine (R9) is a synthetic poly‑arginine peptide consisting of nine arginine residues, widely used as a delivery vector to enhance intracellular transport of cargos in experimental settings.
What is Nona-arginine used for?
Nona-arginine is educationally associated with: enhance intracellular delivery, Transdermal delivery enhancement, Intracellular drug delivery, Vaccine adjuvant / antigen delivery, Imaging agent delivery, Gene therapy vector enhancement. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Nona-arginine administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intracellular (as Delivery Vector), Intranasal, Intravenous, Subcutaneous, Topical.
What are the potential side effects of Nona-arginine?
Reported adverse effects include: Cytotoxicity at high concentrations, Endosomal entrapment / inefficient endosomal escape, Membrane disruption, Complement activation / immunogenicity. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Nona-arginine?
Recorded contraindications: In vivo systemic use without validated formulation, Known hypersensitivity to polyarginine peptides. Consult a qualified clinician before use.