Thrombopoietin
Also known as: Megakaryocyte growth and development factor, MGDF, MPL ligand, PEG-rHuMGDF, rhTPO, Thrombopoietin (protein), Tpiao, TPO
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Summary
Recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) is a glycoprotein hormone that regulates platelet formation; used experimentally for chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopenia and bone‑marrow failure.
Mechanism of Action
Binds the MPL (c-Mpl) receptor on megakaryocyte progenitors, activating JAK2/STAT5 signaling and stimulating platelet production
Routes of Administration
Goals & Uses
- Aplastic anemia supportHematologyLow
- Aplastic anemia / bone marrow failureHematologyLow
- Platelet production stimulation prior to stem cell transplantHematology / TransplantationModerate
- Chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopeniaHematologyModerate
- Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)HematologyModerate
- Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia treatmentHematologyModerate
Contraindications
- Thrombotic disorders / hypercoagulable statesHematologicHigh
- Active thromboembolic diseaseVascularHigh
- History of TPO antibody-mediated thrombocytopeniaImmunologicHigh
- Known hypersensitivity to recombinant TPOImmunologicModerate
- Myeloproliferative neoplasmsOncologicHigh
Adverse Effects
- Bone painMusculoskeletalUncommon
- Fever and flu-like symptomsConstitutionalUncommon
- Injection site reactionsLocalCommon
- HeadacheNeurologicCommonPain in the head or upper neck
- Bone marrow fibrosisHematologicUncommon
- Thrombocytosis / thrombosisHematologicUncommon
- Neutralizing anti-TPO antibodies causing thrombocytopeniaImmunologicUncommon
- ThrombosisHematologicCommonFormation of a blood clot
Drug Interactions
- Romiplostim or EltrombopagHigh
- Other hematopoietic growth factors (e.g., G-CSF, EPO)Low
- TPO-receptor agonists (romiplostim, eltrombopag)Moderate
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, DOACs)Moderate
- Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, heparin)Moderate
Population Constraints
- PregnancyReproductive SafetyRelative
- Patients with active malignancyOncologyRelative
- Pediatric patientsAgeRelative
- Renal or hepatic impairmentOrgan DysfunctionRelative
Regulatory Status
- European UnionUnapprovedNo marketing authorization in the European Union
- United StatesUnapprovedInvestigational; not FDA‑approved
- United KingdomUnapprovedNot licensed for clinical use
Full-length recombinant human TPO (rhTPO, e.g., Tpiao) is approved in China for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. PEG-rHuMGDF (a truncated pegylated form) was withdrawn globally after causing neutralizing antibodies and thrombocytopenia in healthy volunteers. Not approved by FDA or EMA as a standalone agent.
Evidence & Sources
No sources recorded yet.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Thrombopoietin?
Recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) is a glycoprotein hormone that regulates platelet formation; used experimentally for chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopenia and bone‑marrow failure.
What is Thrombopoietin used for?
Thrombopoietin is educationally associated with: Aplastic anemia support, Aplastic anemia / bone marrow failure, Platelet production stimulation prior to stem cell transplant, Chemotherapy‑induced thrombocytopenia, Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia treatment. Educational only — not medical advice.
How is Thrombopoietin administered?
Recorded routes of administration: Intravenous, Subcutaneous.
What are the potential side effects of Thrombopoietin?
Reported adverse effects include: Bone pain, Fever and flu-like symptoms, Injection site reactions, Headache, Bone marrow fibrosis, Thrombocytosis / thrombosis, Neutralizing anti-TPO antibodies causing thrombocytopenia, Thrombosis. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.
Who should avoid Thrombopoietin?
Recorded contraindications: Thrombotic disorders / hypercoagulable states, Active thromboembolic disease, History of TPO antibody-mediated thrombocytopenia, Known hypersensitivity to recombinant TPO, Myeloproliferative neoplasms. Consult a qualified clinician before use.