Lisinopril

ACE Inhibitor (peptide Analog)Rx: PrescriptionCompound: Approved

Also known as: C07AB03, L-lysyl-L-proline, Lisodur, MK-521, Prinivil, Qbrelis, Zestril

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Summary

Lisinopril is an orally active, synthetic peptide-derived ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and post‑myocardial infarction remodeling.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme, reducing production of angiotensin II and degradation of bradykinin

Routes of Administration

Oral

Goals & Uses

Heart failureCardiovascularHigh
Hypertension managementCardiovascularHigh
HypertensionCardiovascularHigh
Stroke preventionNeurologicalModerate
Diabetic nephropathy prevention/slowingRenalHigh
Post-myocardial infarction cardioprotectionCardiovascularHigh
Post‑myocardial InfarctionCardiovascularHigh
Heart failure with reduced ejection fractionCardiovascularHigh

Contraindications

Severe renal artery stenosis (bilateral)RenalHigh
Hereditary or idiopathic angioedemaImmunologic/AllergicHigh
Severe renal impairmentOrganModerateKidney function concerns
PregnancyPopulationHighPotential fetal risk or insufficient safety data
Concurrent aliskiren use in diabetesDrug InteractionHigh
Hereditary AngioedemaGeneticHigh
History of ACE inhibitor-induced angioedemaImmunologic/AllergicHigh

Adverse Effects

CoughRespiratoryCommonPersistent or episodic cough
Acute kidney injuryRenalUncommonSudden decline in kidney function
HypotensionCardiovascularCommonLow blood pressure
Hypotension (first-dose)CardiovascularUncommon
HyperkalemiaElectrolyte ImbalanceUncommon
Dry coughRespiratoryCommon
AngioedemaImmunologicRare
Dizziness/headacheNeurologicalCommon

Drug Interactions

Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone)Moderate
Diuretics (loop/thiazide)Moderate
Potassium‑sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone)Moderate
AliskirenHigh
NSAIDsLowMay increase renal risk in susceptible patients
NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen)Moderate
LithiumModerate

Population Constraints

Pediatric patients (<6 years or GFR <30)PediatricRelative
ElderlyAgeRelative
African-American patientsEthnic/GeneticRelative
Patients with renal impairmentOrgan ImpairmentRelative
Children < 6 monthsPediatricAbsolute
Elderly patientsAgeRelative
Pregnant womenReproductiveAbsolute

Regulatory Status

European UnionApprovedApproved: Hypertension, Heart FailureEMA approval; same indications as US with minor variations
United StatesApprovedApproved: Hypertension, Heart Failure, Post‑myocardial InfarctionFDA approved since 1995
United KingdomApprovedApproved: Hypertension, Congestive heart failure, Short-term treatment following acute myocardial infarction, Renal complications in hypertensive diabetic patientsApproved by MHRA; available as generic. Included in NHS formulary.

Approved by the FDA in 1987. Available as generic and under brand names Prinivil and Zestril. Black box warning for fetal toxicity when used during pregnancy.

Evidence & Sources

No sources recorded yet.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Lisinopril?

Lisinopril is an orally active, synthetic peptide-derived ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and post‑myocardial infarction remodeling.

What is Lisinopril used for?

Lisinopril is educationally associated with: Heart failure, Hypertension management, Hypertension, Stroke prevention, Diabetic nephropathy prevention/slowing, Post-myocardial infarction cardioprotection, Post‑myocardial Infarction, Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Educational only — not medical advice.

How is Lisinopril administered?

Recorded routes of administration: Oral.

What are the potential side effects of Lisinopril?

Reported adverse effects include: Cough, Acute kidney injury, Hypotension, Hypotension (first-dose), Hyperkalemia, Dry cough, Angioedema, Dizziness/headache. This list is not exhaustive — consult a qualified clinician.

Who should avoid Lisinopril?

Recorded contraindications: Severe renal artery stenosis (bilateral), Hereditary or idiopathic angioedema, Severe renal impairment, Pregnancy, Concurrent aliskiren use in diabetes, Hereditary Angioedema, History of ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema. Consult a qualified clinician before use.